What Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS)?
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is a closed surgical procedure performed through the nose to treat chronic sinusitis and nasal obstruction. In this method, the surgeon reaches the sinus passages using a thin endoscope equipped with a camera. The procedure is carried out without any external incision. The goal is to open blocked sinus pathways and remove infected tissue.
Endoscopic sinus surgery is generally preferred in patients who do not respond to medical treatment. The operation is usually performed under general anesthesia. The recovery process is more comfortable compared to traditional surgery. ESS facilitates breathing and reduces recurrent sinusitis attacks.
In Which Cases Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Necessary?
Endoscopic sinus surgery is required in cases of chronic sinusitis and persistent nasal obstruction that do not improve despite medical treatment. Facial pain lasting longer than three months, postnasal drip, and loss of smell are important symptoms. Frequent recurrent acute sinusitis attacks may also require surgery. Nasal polyps can block the sinus passages and make breathing difficult.
In such cases, endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment option. Additionally, fungal sinusitis, sinus cysts, or anatomical narrowings may require surgical intervention. The goal is to ensure proper sinus drainage and reduce the risk of infection. The decision is made by an ENT specialist based on detailed examination and imaging results.
How Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Performed?
Endoscopic sinus surgery is performed by opening the sinus passages using special camera-assisted instruments through the nose. With the help of a thin endoscope, the surgeon visualizes the sinus cavities in detail. No external incision is made, and the procedure is performed entirely using a closed technique. Blocked sinus pathways are opened, and inflamed tissues and polyps are removed.
Endoscopic sinus surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia. The duration of the operation varies depending on the extent of the disease. After surgery, nasal dressing is applied, and regular follow-up visits are scheduled. This method provides effective results in the treatment of chronic sinusitis and helps the patient breathe more comfortably.
How Long Does ESS Surgery Take?
Endoscopic sinus surgery takes on average between 1 and 2 hours depending on the extent of the disease. The duration varies according to the level of sinus obstruction, the presence of polyps, and the number of interventions required. It may be shorter in simple sinusitis cases, while it can be longer in widespread polyp cases.
This operation, performed under general anesthesia, usually results in discharge on the same day. The surgeon’s experience also directly affects the duration of the procedure. Even if the duration is extended, ESS performed with a closed technique involves fewer risks and ensures faster recovery.
The Relationship Between Chronic Sinusitis and ESS
In patients with chronic sinusitis who do not respond to medical treatment, ESS is preferred as a permanent solution. Chronic sinusitis occurs when sinus passages remain blocked for a long time and presents symptoms such as nasal obstruction and headache. Through endoscopic sinus surgery, these blockages are cleared and natural airflow of the sinuses is restored.
With ESS, inflamed tissues are removed, and the risk of infection is reduced. This surgery plays an important role in preventing recurrence of the disease. It provides lasting relief and improves quality of life. ESS planned by a specialist surgeon is an effective treatment option.
Recovery Process After ESS
The recovery process after endoscopic sinus surgery is usually completed within 1 to 2 weeks. In the first days, mild nasal congestion, discharge, and slight bleeding may occur. These conditions are considered normal and decrease over time. Nasal rinsing with saline solution as recommended by the doctor accelerates recovery.
Postoperative follow-ups should be conducted regularly, and prescribed medications should not be neglected. If nasal packing is used, it is usually removed within a few days. Heavy physical activities should be avoided for a short period. Careful maintenance during the recovery process is important for lasting results.
Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Risky?
ESS is generally a safe procedure, but like any surgery, it may involve minor risks. The risk of complications is low, and most patients recover without problems. Side effects such as infection, nosebleeds, or temporary loss of smell may rarely occur. Since the procedure is performed close to the eye area, meticulous surgical technique is required.
When performed by an experienced ENT specialist, risks are minimized. Detailed preoperative evaluation and proper postoperative care facilitate risk management. Quality of life significantly improves after ESS. Safe outcomes are achieved with careful application.
Does Nasal Obstruction Improve After ESS?
Since the sinus passages are opened, nasal obstruction usually decreases significantly after ESS. Mild congestion and discharge lasting a few days after surgery are expected. After this temporary period, breathing comfort increases. Complete relief from obstruction generally occurs within 1–2 weeks.
As inflammation and polyps are removed during surgery, the airway is opened. Regular nasal rinsing and follow-up visits accelerate recovery. ESS is an effective method for permanently resolving chronic obstruction. In the long term, breathing becomes more comfortable.
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Prices 2026
In 2026, endoscopic sinus surgery prices generally range between 30,000 TL and 90,000 TL. A doctor’s examination is required for exact information. Current price research should always be conducted.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can the nose become blocked again after ESS?
After ESS, nasal obstruction usually improves permanently; however, in some cases it may recur. The risk of recurrence depends on whether the underlying cause has been fully treated.
Is endoscopic sinus surgery painful?
Pain after ESS is generally mild and can be easily controlled with simple pain relievers.
Does sinusitis completely resolve after ESS?
After ESS, sinusitis symptoms decrease significantly, and most patients experience lasting relief.
Does bleeding occur after ESS?
Mild bleeding may occur after ESS, but it is usually temporary and stops on its own.
Can deviation surgery be performed together with ESS?
Septoplasty (deviation surgery) can be safely performed in the same session together with ESS.
Is the sense of smell affected after ESS?
The sense of smell may be temporarily affected after ESS, but in most patients it returns to normal over time.
How many days of work loss does ESS cause?
After ESS, patients can generally return to work within 5–7 days.